The same thing every damn day
October 28, 997
New ones Monday through Friday
Stock Swindle
The stock footage industry
and its discontents
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In the visual history of the twentieth century, no primary sources are more
important than campy footage from industrial and educational films of the 40s and 50s.
But those many hours of crewcut/bouffant absurdity that Dave, Jay and countless
commercial producers use for their wackiness factor actually have to come from somewhere; and
stock footage has become the seed for a thriving industry (with, of course, it's own
trade paper - Stock Footage Today).
The Chicago-based WPA Film Library is
currently fluffing the advertising community with a goofy "Catchphrase History of the
World" video, in which highlights of the company's stock library flash across the
screen, accompanied by a high-speed rendition of slogans ("A day which will live in
infamy," "Aren't you glad you use Dial?" etc.), read by alleged humorist Ian Shoales.
The odd spectacle of seeing advertisers poke fun at advertisements in order to sell to
advertisers is a bracing reminder of how much we depend on this kind of hokey stock
footage to remind ourselves how cool we are. WPA carries about
40,000 hours worth of footage
from Pathe documentaries, nature films and the like, but the biggest demand, says a
company official, is for pre-sixties kitsch.
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WPA relies heavily
on newsreel footage
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Wow, what a square!
.
Staying cool has never been cheap, though.
Stock Shots in Los Angeles sets its baseline
footage rates between $28 and $250 per second, and a WPA official says only Hugh Hefner
has ever acquired footage from the company for personal use (Hef
was looking for footage of a "crooner," she says).
Everybody gets a chuckle out of those old-time squares, though. Both the Leno and
Letterman shows are major customers for WPA's stuff, and both WPA and Dallas-based
Image Bank brag that their archive material appeared in
L.A. Confidential.
Image Bank, according to senior vice-president Diane Fannon, recently made a big sale
to Time-Warner - footage of workmen punching time cards and the construction of the
Chrysler building for a series of Millennium-based ads (How'd they think of that
concept?).
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You laugh at the past;
and the past laughs back.
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But laughing at the past is the kind of mordancy that eventually bites its own
tail. Image Bank's main business is actually in more contemporary-looking footage -
"lifestyle," "corporate," "wildlife," "landscape," etc.
"There's so much footage now
that basically people specialize," says Mark Paul, senior editor at Chicago-based
Screen magazine. This contemporary footage (which stands a good chance of
looking hopelessly dated in the not-too-distant future: Anybody seen War Games
recently?) is essential for film, TV and commercial
producers who don't want to bother doing their own establishing and fill shots.
It's a good deal. One executive in an office looks about the same as any other
executive in any other office. A shot of the Eiffel Tower is always a big clue that
our scene is set in Paris. And really - if you've seen one
tree you've
seen them all. How many do you need to look at? This is pretty much the way
Hollywood has made movies since Hollywood Year One.
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And it's getting even easier to do, and in a manner that - for the time being
anyway - won't look quite as hokey. The Zelig/Forrest Gump-style
manipulation of footage, which right now has peaked in Fred Astaire's dance with the
Dirt Devil, catapults the stock footage industry out of what Paul calls "The hackneyed
associations of the Mack Sennett slapstick stuff."
Accessibility of images is increasing too. WPA already helps stumped producers
brainstorm ideas with the
company's footage. Image recognition abilities will make it even easier to find the
perfect image (or the image that will be perfect once the computers are finished with
it). Kodak, which owns Image Bank, provides seed money to the
MIT Media Lab, whose experiments with image
recognition software are closest to fruition.
Again, building live action movies out of fake settings is hardly new. Virtual human
being George Lucas did just that when he used nothing but computer-generated backdrops
for his megabomb The Radioland Murders.
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This is a tree - got it?
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This guy used to be President.
But even if you don't subscribe to the culture studies thesis that the average
idiot believes everything he sees on screen, the prospect of all-recycled movies is
disturbing on a purely aesthetic level. We know those movies where New York = The
Statue of Liberty. We know them as hackwork, and there's a good argument to be made
against making life any easier for hacks. A big share of our emotional investment in
history,
or science,
or for that matter
America,
comes from what we see on screen. It's depressing to think that we've seen it all
before.
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