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October 28, 997
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Stock Swindle

The stock footage industry
and its discontents



In the visual history of the twentieth century, no primary sources are more important than campy footage from industrial and educational films of the 40s and 50s. But those many hours of crewcut/bouffant absurdity that Dave, Jay and countless commercial producers use for their wackiness factor actually have to come from somewhere; and stock footage has become the seed for a thriving industry (with, of course, it's own trade paper - Stock Footage Today).

The Chicago-based WPA Film Library is currently fluffing the advertising community with a goofy "Catchphrase History of the World" video, in which highlights of the company's stock library flash across the screen, accompanied by a high-speed rendition of slogans ("A day which will live in infamy," "Aren't you glad you use Dial?" etc.), read by alleged humorist Ian Shoales.

The odd spectacle of seeing advertisers poke fun at advertisements in order to sell to advertisers is a bracing reminder of how much we depend on this kind of hokey stock footage to remind ourselves how cool we are. WPA carries about 40,000 hours worth of footage from Pathe documentaries, nature films and the like, but the biggest demand, says a company official, is for pre-sixties kitsch.





[that's a big camera!]

WPA relies heavily
on newsreel footage
[jeez, what a square!]

Wow, what a square!
.

Staying cool has never been cheap, though. Stock Shots in Los Angeles sets its baseline footage rates between $28 and $250 per second, and a WPA official says only Hugh Hefner has ever acquired footage from the company for personal use (Hef was looking for footage of a "crooner," she says).

Everybody gets a chuckle out of those old-time squares, though. Both the Leno and Letterman shows are major customers for WPA's stuff, and both WPA and Dallas-based Image Bank brag that their archive material appeared in L.A. Confidential. Image Bank, according to senior vice-president Diane Fannon, recently made a big sale to Time-Warner - footage of workmen punching time cards and the construction of the Chrysler building for a series of Millennium-based ads (How'd they think of that concept?).



[you laugh at the past, the past laughs back]

You laugh at the past;
and the past laughs back.

But laughing at the past is the kind of mordancy that eventually bites its own tail. Image Bank's main business is actually in more contemporary-looking footage - "lifestyle," "corporate," "wildlife," "landscape," etc.

"There's so much footage now that basically people specialize," says Mark Paul, senior editor at Chicago-based Screen magazine. This contemporary footage (which stands a good chance of looking hopelessly dated in the not-too-distant future: Anybody seen War Games recently?) is essential for film, TV and commercial producers who don't want to bother doing their own establishing and fill shots.

It's a good deal. One executive in an office looks about the same as any other executive in any other office. A shot of the Eiffel Tower is always a big clue that our scene is set in Paris. And really - if you've seen one tree you've seen them all. How many do you need to look at? This is pretty much the way Hollywood has made movies since Hollywood Year One.



And it's getting even easier to do, and in a manner that - for the time being anyway - won't look quite as hokey. The Zelig/Forrest Gump-style manipulation of footage, which right now has peaked in Fred Astaire's dance with the Dirt Devil, catapults the stock footage industry out of what Paul calls "The hackneyed associations of the Mack Sennett slapstick stuff."

Accessibility of images is increasing too. WPA already helps stumped producers brainstorm ideas with the company's footage. Image recognition abilities will make it even easier to find the perfect image (or the image that will be perfect once the computers are finished with it). Kodak, which owns Image Bank, provides seed money to the MIT Media Lab, whose experiments with image recognition software are closest to fruition.

Again, building live action movies out of fake settings is hardly new. Virtual human being George Lucas did just that when he used nothing but computer-generated backdrops for his megabomb The Radioland Murders.





[the joshua tree, i think]

This is a tree - got it?

[this guy used to be president, i think]

This guy used to be President.


But even if you don't subscribe to the culture studies thesis that the average idiot believes everything he sees on screen, the prospect of all-recycled movies is disturbing on a purely aesthetic level. We know those movies where New York = The Statue of Liberty. We know them as hackwork, and there's a good argument to be made against making life any easier for hacks. A big share of our emotional investment in history, or science, or for that matter America, comes from what we see on screen. It's depressing to think that we've seen it all before.


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Previously in simpleton:


Monday: The Extra Hour: How to celebrate standard time
Wednesday: The Year 1000 problem: Preparing for Domesday
Thursday: Really unplugged simpleton
Wednesday: Reader Mail: Volume 3
Tuesday: Great Hoaxes: Five stories that should be true.
Monday: Missed Opportunities: Everybody's got 'em, but only once
Friday: simpleton unplugged: The ugliest page on the web.


A century of simpletons in the simpleton archive.


Tomorrow:

Reader mail, volume 4